Recently my VPS provider was doing some power maintenance and recommended backing up data. I realized I hadn't made a backup of that system in very long time, and hadn't worked up a backup strategy. This caused me to whip up a backup solution using my two favorite things; ssh and rsync.
In the past I had used tar and scp to do remote backups, but this painfully slow, and I don't have a requirement to do moment in time backups, so the amazing efficiency of rsync. The only trick was that this server has subversion and MySQL databases, and doing a straight copy of the data for these apps is extremely dangerous. So with a couple remote ssh commands run from the backup machine I ended up with a slick, simple, fast, and reliable backup script:
#!/bin/bash
# Individually backup relevant etc configurations using rsync
# with the archive and compressions flags set
rsync -az -e "ssh -i path/to/ssh/key" backup_user@example.org:/etc/apache2 /data/backup/etc/
.
.
rsync -az -e "ssh -i path/to/ssh/key" backup_user@example.org:/etc/ssl /data/backup/etc/
# Use remote commands to trigger app specific backups for MySQL and subversion
# Run safe backup of all MySQL databases to a location that gets rsynced later
ssh -i path/to/ssh/key backup_user@example.org "mysqldump -u root -pPassword --all-databases > /opt/backup/mysql-current.sql"
# Run safe backup of subversion using svnadmin dump to a directory that gets rsynced
ssh -i path/to/ssh/key backup_user@example.org "svnadmin dump --quiet /opt/repos/svn > /opt/backup/svn.current.dump"
# Sync /opt. Backup everything. This will grab the remote MySQL and subversion backups
# we just made.
rsync -az -e "ssh -i path/to/ssh/key" backup_user@cexample.org:/opt/ /data/backup/opt/
That is it. I get a safe backup of my databases and svn plus all of my file data ~8 GiB total, and after the initial backup it all happens in less than 5 minutes.
Attach it all to crontab like:
0 * * * * /usr/local/bin/backup.py
and you get an hourly synchronized copy of the remote server.
